According to the latest theory of aging, the mechanisms of synthesis and decay are launched with the birth of a person. The mechanism of decay is based on the fact that the entire cellular composition of the body is renewed over time. Since a cell is a living organism, then during its life the cell goes through several stages of development and, ultimately, dies. This applies to all somatic cells of the body.
For example, the epidermis is renewed every two weeks, the liver of an adult is renewed in 300-500 days. Red blood cells, making a journey of 1,500 kilometers, live on average 120 days, and then go to the cemetery – to the spleen. The life of our tissues is measured in years, not days, but they are not eternal, since tissues are a complex of cells and extracellular elements that are in a complex interaction. Even bones undergo changes.
Thus, the entire cellular composition of the body is constantly renewed and therefore a person has the opportunity to live several decades of his life. According to various authors, a person is able to live 120-150 years. Since he has the appropriate reserves in the body – in the form of his own supply of stem cells.
According to the great Russian scientist Mechnikov, “our old age is a disease that needs to be treated like any other disease.”
Along with the processes of decay, the human body undergoes processes of synthesis, which allow the body to grow and develop, as well as regenerate damaged organs and tissues, angiogenesis, renew old skin cells, organs, etc.
Thanks to synthesis, a person lives an active life. The quality of a person’s life, his activity and, ultimately, longevity depend on the speed of synthesis.
Stem cells are responsible for synthesis in our body, which are the building material that is consumed throughout a person’s life. It is the stem cells that, following special signals from the brain and with the blood flow, rush to the site of damage to correct or replace pathologically altered or aging cells of our organs and tissues.
Thanks to stem cells, our wounds heal, as well as periodically change the entire cellular composition of our organs and tissues.
A number of experts believe that until about 18-20 years of age, the synthesis processes in the human body are faster than the decay processes. Thanks to this, a person develops and grows. That is why children have such fresh and smooth skin, and all the processes associated with regeneration are very fast. Then the processes of synthesis and decay are balanced, and the body comes to a certain equilibrium state. This lasts for several years, and then comes a period when decay is faster than synthesis. During this period, more cells decay than are restored. Therefore, the skin becomes not as fresh and young as before, and aging organs are no longer able to function as before, regeneration processes slow down, neurons in the brain die, connections between neurons and parts of the brain deteriorate. This means that memory, performance, sleep, etc. deteriorate. The once extensive capillary network, which nourished the skin well, declines, since the area of the capillary network is reduced and diminished.
Of course, all these processes are slow but steady.
A person no longer recovers as quickly as before. The quality of life is no longer satisfactory. It must be said that the so-called chronic fatigue syndrome manifests itself precisely in this period of life.
All over the world, this syndrome is considered a disease that must be treated.
And as long as the body has stem cells, the number of which decreases every year, a person will live.
It must be said that the stem cells themselves, which are in the body’s reserve, age, since their regenerative functions with age fade away due to the functional defects accumulated in them.
According to American scientists, it has been discovered that genes involved in the inflammatory and stress response become more active with age, while the activity of genes regulating gene expression and genome integrity decreases. This suggests that hematopoietic stem cells, like other cells in the body, wear out with age and begin to function worse.
The discovery that the expression of inflammation-related genes increases with age is consistent with the known facts of age-related inflammatory processes in the kidneys, arteries and brain.
This “epigenetic mechanism of aging” explains multiple age-related changes at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels.
As we can see, with age, not only is synthesis disrupted and slowed down, but the stem cells themselves wear out and work worse.
In order for the processes of cell synthesis in the body to proceed sufficiently intensively and to balance, to some extent, the processes of decay, it is necessary to transplant stem cells into the recipient’s body.
In this case, it is possible to slow down the aging processes directly related to the processes of decay by enhancing and activating the processes of synthesis.
For this, a certain number of stem cells are transplanted into the recipient’s body, which activate the processes of synthesis.
Once in the body, stem cells are carried throughout the body by the bloodstream. It should be noted that the cells do not randomly settle on all organs and tissues, but rush first to damaged organs or tissues. This is due to the fact that the damaged organ or tissue secretes special signal molecules, by which the brain, as the main coordinator, directs stem cells to perform “repair work”.
In addition, aging organs and tissues also require stem cells to replace their aging cells.
As was said above, with age, there are not enough of your own stem cells, and they work worse. Therefore, the introduction of new stem cells into the recipient’s body has a great impact on the processes of synthesis of new cells and tissues.
The body receives additional opportunities to resist aging, since with the introduction of additional stem cells, the synthesis processes are enhanced.
The introduction of neuronal cells allows to restore lost synaptic contacts in the brain and spinal cord, improves the growth of axons from one part of the recipient’s brain to another, normalizes the production of brain mediators (for example, dopamine, etc.), which helps to avoid a number of brain diseases in old age (Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s).
In addition, this is an excellent preventive measure against diseases such as stroke.
Brain neurons that degenerate throughout a person’s life can be restored from neuronal stem cells.
And this is directly related to such deviations as poor memory, poor performance, poor sleep, and weak potency.
Hematopoietic stem cells can carry out the entire complex of biochemical transformations characteristic of a fully functioning liver.
In addition, they actively influence the increase in the body’s immunity, and are also able to replace aging cells of many organs and tissues.
Thus, transplantation of stem cells into the recipient’s body can influence the entire body as a whole – improving the person’s quality of life.
